Dr. Narendra Palan
Industrial Physician
Ph No: 98206 01529
One of the most economical public health measures now accessible is vaccination. Vaccination is the most effective medical strategy to protect the community in halting the transmission of infectious diseases and protecting the vaccinated person in contracting a potentially serious illness. Vaccination is estimated to help avert approximately 2 to 3 million deaths annually.
Vaccines stimulate production of protective antibodies and other immune mechanisms to protect against infectious diseases. Approximately 30 vaccines are available and continuous research for various diseases goes on.
History: 1798 Smallpox vaccine;1885 Rabies vaccine; 1897 Plague vaccine; 1917 cholera and Typhoid vaccine, Shingrix October 23, 2017; Covid Vaccine 2021
Importance:
§ Effective in preventing various infectious diseases, including but not limited to influenza, pneumonia, herpes Zoster, hepatitis and tetanus.
§ VPD can lead to serious health complication, hospitalizations and even death, particularly in older adults or those with underlying health conditions
§ When a significant portion of population is immunized, it creates herd immunity, which provides indirect protection to those who are unable to to receive vaccines due to medical conditions or age.
§ International travel exposes individuals to different infectious diseases prevalent in other countries necessitating taking vaccines e.g. Yellow Fever Vaccine, meningococcal vaccine etc.
Adult vaccination Schedule:
Sr. No. | Name of Vaccine | Age | For prevention of disease |
1 | Inj. Influenza Tetra | Adult | Flue- every year |
2 | Inj. Prevenar 13 | Adult | Pneumonia- once |
3 | Inj. Pneumovax 23 | Above 60 years | Pneumonia-Once and then every 5 years |
4 | Inj. Shingrix | Above 50 years | Herpes Zoster- once and the 2nd dose between 2 to 6 months |
5 | Inj. Gardasil 9 | 9-18 years | Human Papilloma virus related cancer and genital warts 2doses 0-2 months |
|
| 18-45 years | Human Papilloma virus related cancers and genital warts 3 doses 0-2-6 months |
6 | Tdap (Tetanus, Diphtheria and Pertusis | Adult | Every 10 years |
Side effects: Few such as pain at local site or mild fever or lethargy for 1 to 3 days, may be treated by tab. Paracetamol 500mg/ 650 mg 2 to 3 times a day if required.
Benefits outweigh risks.
Storage of Vaccines: 2 Degree to 8 Degree Celsius.
Mode of Administration: Intramuscular Deltoid muscle(upper arm); two or more vaccines may be given on same day.
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